Razzaghi, H. et al. Vaccine 35, 58505857 (2017). The exposure of interest was mRNA COVID-19 vaccination status during pregnancy in the electronic health record. COVID-19 vaccination during pregnancy: coverage and safety. If you need to go back and make any changes, you can always do so by going to our Privacy Policy page. Carlsen, E. O. et al. Effect of COVID-19 Vaccination on the In-Hospital Prognosis of Patients TN, NMF, WH, and SA wrote the software. Among fully vaccinated people without a booster, rates were lower at 3,355.5 per 100,000 for COVID-19 cases and 35.4 per 100,000 for hospitalizations. The success of Covid-19 vaccines against omicron: Vaccinated up to five pdf files, Omicron: fewer adverse outcomes come with new dangers, Statement on offensive historical content, Redistribute or republish the final article, Reuse portions or extracts from the article in other works. Rep. 7, 255263 (2022). Effectiveness of COVID-19 Pfizer-BioNTech BNT162b2 mRNA vaccination in preventing COVID-19-associated emergency department and urgent care encounters and hospitalizations among nonimmunocompromised children and adolescents aged 5-17 yearsVISION Network, 10 states, April 2021-January 2022. The report found that, during the omicron wave 6,743.5 per 100,000 unvaccinated people were contracting COVID-19 and 187.8 per 100,000 were hospitalized. Risk of hospitalization and vaccine effectiveness among COVID-19 Shimabukuro, T. T. et al. Rates were highest among unvaccinated adults and lowest among those who had received a booster or additional dose. Vaccine 40, 656665 (2022). Data requests may be sent to Kaiser Permanente Division of Research: DOR.IRB.Submissions@kp.org. Science brief: omicron (B.1.1.529) variant. These findings are consistent with the diminishing of pregnancy-derived antibodies in infants over time22. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. In the meantime, to ensure continued support, we are displaying the site without styles conducted all statistical analysis in collaboration with O.Z. This analysis describes weekly hospitalization rates during Delta- and Omicron-predominant periods. Sect. Implementing strategies that result in the equitable receipt of COVID-19 vaccinations, though building vaccine confidence, raising awareness of the benefits of vaccination, and removing barriers to vaccination access among persons with disproportionately higher hospitalizations rates from COVID-19, including Black adults, is an urgent public health priority. Children born at Kaiser Permanente Northern California from December 15, 2020, through May 31, 2022. Weekly COVID-19-associated hospitalization rates among U.S. infants and children aged 0-4 years have declined since the peak of January 8, 2022; however, peak rates during Omicron predominance were approximately five times those of the peak during Delta predominance. Gretchen Rothrock, California Emerging Infections Program; Millen Tsegaye, Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment; Julie Plano, Connecticut Emerging Infections Program, Yale School of Public Health; Kyle Openo, Georgia Emerging Infections Program, Georgia Department of Public Health Division of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, Emory University; Andy Weigel, Iowa Department of Health; Chloe Brown, Michigan Department of Health and Human Services; Erica Bye, Minnesota Department of Health; Wickliffe Omondi, New Mexico Emerging Infections Program, University of New Mexico; Alison Muse, New York State Department of Health; Christina Felsen, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry; Eli Shiltz, Ohio Department of Health; Nasreen Abdullah, Public Health Division, Oregon Health Authority; William Schaffner, Vanderbilt University Medical Center; Melanie Crossland, Salt Lake County Health Department. Klein, N. P. et al. Omicron Is Not More Severe for Children, Despite Rising 387, 109119 (2022). The remaining authors declare no competing interests. We use cookies to help provide and enhance our service and tailor content and ads. If you do not allow these cookies we will not know when you have visited our site, and will not be able to monitor its performance. Relative to the Delta-predominant period, a significantly shorter median length of hospital stay was observed during the Omicron-predominant period and smaller proportions of hospitalizations with intensive care unit admission, receipt of invasive mechanical ventilation, or in-hospital death. Hospitalization rates among non-Hispanic Black adults increased more than rates in other racial/ethnic groups. 385, 13551371 (2021). In this large study which included >30,000 infants, we found that receipt of at least two doses of mRNA COVID-19 vaccine during pregnancy was associated with a decreased risk of infants testing SARS-CoV-2 positive during their first 6 months of life. part 56; 42 U.S.C. J. Med. Includes current treatment or recent diagnosis within the previous 12 months of an immunosuppressive condition or use of an immunosuppressive therapy. In this primary design, all eligible infants meeting inclusion criteria were included without sampling which improved power and minimized bias related to selection. Percentages presented for demographic characteristics are weighted column percentages. . Hospitalization rates and characteristics of children aged <18 years hospitalized with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19COVID-NET, 14 States, March 1-July 25, 2020. Durability of anti-spike antibodies in infants after maternal COVID-19 vaccination or natural infection. Lipkind, H. S. et al. The rates don't account for non-vaccine-related risks, Mark Jit, professor of vaccine epidemiology at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine told Insider in an email. N. Engl. TN and NMF validated the data. For children whose mothers received one dose before pregnancy and two doses during pregnancy, VE against infection was 89% during the first 2 months of life, 73% during the first 4 months of life, and 48% up to 6 months of life. https://doi.org . Mortal. Corresponding author: Christopher A. Taylor, iyq3@cdc.gov. There were only one hospitalized case among the children of vaccinated mothers and nine hospitalized cases among the children of unvaccinated mothers (Table1). MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2022;71:1328. Omicron is super infectious, and about 20% of people in the United States over the age of 5 as well as all children under 5 remain unvaccinated. 384, 21872201 (2021). We used two different study designs: a primary design using a cohort analysis in which infants of vaccinated pregnant persons were compared with infants of unvaccinated pregnant persons. N. Engl. We excluded these infants because we were primarily interested in estimating the effectiveness of mRNA vaccines received during pregnancy; (7) mothers who received adenovirus vector vaccines or any non-mRNA platform vaccines during pregnancy; (8) mothers who did not receive their mRNA vaccinations in accordance with CDC recommendationse.g., the timing between dose 1 and dose 2 was not within the recommended intervals; and (9) infants who did not become KPNC members within two calendar months of their birth. State data show the average age for COVID deaths was about 80 in late 2020, but dropped in spring 2021 to as low as 69 after most older adults received their first COVID vaccines. Get the most important science stories of the day, free in your inbox. PubMed Published by Elsevier Ltd. Hospitalisation associated with SARS-CoV-2 delta variant in Denmark. The rate among adults who received a primary series, but no booster or additional dose, was three times the rate among adults who received a booster or additional dose. "People who get vaccinated may be more cautious about COVID in general, or perhaps getting vaccinated makes them less cautious, or they may live in states with more/less COVID risk, etc," Jit said. Libby Reeg reports grants from the Michigan Department of Health and Human Services during the conduct of the study. ** Monthly incidence among adults who received booster or additional doses was calculated by summing the total number of COVID-19 patients with booster or additional doses hospitalized over all days of the month and dividing by the sum of adults with booster or additional doses in the underlying population for each day of the month. This method was also used for calculations in unvaccinated persons and those who received a primary series but not a booster or additional dose.. Data from the COVID-19Associated Hospitalization Surveillance Network (COVID-NET) were analyzed to compare COVID-19associated hospitalization rates among adults aged 18 years during B.1.617.2 (Delta; July 1December 18, 2021) and Omicron (December 19, 2021January 31, 2022) variant predominance, overall and by race/ethnicity and vaccination status. We were not able to evaluate more detailed measures of relative clinical severity in hospitalised patients (such as intensive care unit admittance), but our finding that estimated severity reductions comparing omicron with delta are larger for more severe endpoints (death and hospital admission versus hospital attendance) agrees with observations that the proportion of hospitalised COVID-19 patients requiring intensive care or mechanical ventilation (or both) has been substantially lower during the omicron wave in England than the preceding delta wave. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the articles Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. Provided by the Springer Nature SharedIt content-sharing initiative. MMWR and Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report are service marks of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. During the Omicron dominant period, maternal vaccination with at least two doses reduced the infants risk of testing SARS-CoV-2 positive by 43% (95% CI: 4, 69) during the first 2 months of life, 36% (95% CI:11, 55) during the first 4 months of life, and 41% (95% CI: 25, 53) during the first 6 months of life (Supplemental Table2). Gordon, N. & Lin, T. The Kaiser Permanente Northern California adult member health survey. Stay up to date with your COVID-19 vaccines. J. Med. Mothers were classified as either having had 2 doses or one dose of mRNA COVID-19 vaccines during pregnancy (and completed more than 14 days prior to delivery) or not having had any COVID-19 vaccines prior to delivery. The rate among adults who received a primary series, but no booster or additional dose, was three times the rate among adults who received a booster or additional dose. Methods: One hundred and . Wkly Rep. 71, 352358 (2022). Nat Commun 14, 894 (2023). Although all data used in this analysis were anonymised, the individual-level nature of the data used risks individuals being identified, or being able to self-identify, if the data are released publicly. Publishers note Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. Persons with multiple, unknown, or missing race accounted for 6.9% (weighted) of all cases. All adults should stay up to date with COVID-19 vaccination to reduce their risk for COVID-19associated hospitalization. Safety and efficacy of the BNT162b2 mRNA covid-19 vaccine. Receipt of COVID-19 vaccine during pregnancy and preterm or small-for-gestational-age at birtheight integrated Health Care Organizations, United States, December 15, 2020-July 22, 2021. Foo, D., Sarna, M., Pereira, G., Moore, H. C. & Regan, A. K. Longitudinal, population-based cohort study of prenatal influenza vaccination and influenza infection in childhood. CDC Charts Show Hospitalization Rates for Unvaxxed, 2 Doses, 3 Doses COVID hospitalizations amid omicron 23 times higher among - ABC News You are using a browser version with limited support for CSS. Open 5, e2232760 (2022). We calculated VE as 100% multiplied by 1- OR. Another explanation is the presence of a high COVID-19 vaccination rate among studied individuals (more than two-thirds), which is supported by the finding that the majority of patients had been infected with SARS-CoV-2 prior to undergoing vaccination. CDC twenty four seven. * Data are from a weighted sample of hospitalized nonpregnant adults with completed medical record abstractions and a discharge disposition. Among these infants, for our main analysis, we excluded 21,891 (35.2%) based on maternal exclusion criteria and 10,412 (16.8%) after applying infant exclusion criteria (Fig. https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2022.01.11.22269045v1, https://data.cdc.gov/Vaccinations/COVID-19-Vaccination-Demographics-in-the-United-St/km4m-vcsb. 1). PubMed Central Selected counties in California, Colorado, Connecticut, Georgia, Iowa, Maryland, Michigan, Minnesota, New Mexico, New York, Ohio, Oregon, Tennessee, and Utah (https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/69/wr/mm6915e3.htm). Covid-19 vaccine effectiveness against the Omicron (B.1.1.529) variant. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm7112e2. Viruses | Free Full-Text | SARS-CoV-2 Seroprevalence among Canadian Questions or messages regarding errors in formatting should be addressed to Am. By clicking Sign up, you agree to receive marketing emails from Insider All adjustment variables were selected a priori based on prior work36. These cookies may also be used for advertising purposes by these third parties. Dr. Klein reported receiving grants from Pfizer, Merck, GlaxoSmithKline, and Sanofi Pasteur. Further information on research design is available in theNature Portfolio Reporting Summary linked to this article. These proportions are lower compared with 47.3% of White persons who received a primary series and 54.5% of eligible adults who received a booster dose. Relative to the Delta-predominant period, Black adults accounted for a larger proportion of unvaccinated adults during the Omicron-predominant period, and age-adjusted hospitalization rates for Black adults increased to the highest rate among all racial and ethnic groups for any week during the pandemic. 41, e81e86 (2022). Chi-square tests were used to compare differences between the Delta- and Omicron-predominant periods; p-values <0.05 were considered statistically significant. . National influenza and COVID-19 surveillance report: 27 January 2022 (week 4). During the study period, the omicron variant experienced a rapidly increasing incidence, whereas the delta variant was experiencing a decreasing or less rapidly increasing incidence. Nature. It's not clear which variant might have been associated with these hospitalizations. For mothers of infants in the cohort, we extracted from the electronic health record data: age at pregnancy onset, self-reported race/ethnicity (Asian, Black, Hispanic, Pacific Islander, Multiracial, Native American, Other, White), the primary KPNC facility at which the woman received most of their health care, insurance payor (dichotomized as Medicare/Medicaid/other subsidized insurance and Other), neighborhood deprivation index [NDI]35 categorized into quartiles with higher values representing greater deprivation), pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI=kg/m2; underweight <18.5, normal 18.524.9, overweight 25.029.9, obese 30.0), pre-pregnancy diabetes status, pre-pregnancy hypertension, and parity (0, 1, 2, 3, 4). However, a milder virus could still put pressure . Omicron symptoms: Here's what to expect and what we know about the MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2022;71:466473. Rates are calculated using the CDC National Center for Health Statistics vintage 2020 bridged-race postcensal population estimates for the counties included in surveillance. These data should be taken with a grain of salt. Defined as one or more of the following: chronic lung disease including asthma, chronic metabolic disease including diabetes mellitus, blood disorder/hemoglobinopathy, cardiovascular disease, neurologic disorder, immunocompromising condition, renal disease, gastrointestinal/liver disease, rheumatologic/autoimmune/inflammatory condition, obesity, feeding tube dependency, and wheelchair dependency. Proportions between the pre-Delta and Delta period were compared using chi-square tests; p-values <0.05 were considered statistically significant, adjusted for multiple comparisons using the Bonferroni correction method. Rep. 71, 2630 (2022). Although both approaches adjusted for the same confounding factors, the effectiveness estimates from the TND were higher than those from the cohort design, which is consistent with our previous analyses of influenza vaccine effectiveness in which we also observed that the TND tended to result in higher vaccine effectiveness estimates than did our cohort analyses30. Maternal vaccination was protective, but protection was lower during Omicron than during Delta. Jackson, M. L. & Nelson, J. C. The test-negative design for estimating influenza vaccine effectiveness. M.G. Relative to the Delta-predominant period, the proportion of cases in non-Hispanic Asian or Pacific Islanders also increased, whereas the proportion in all other racial and ethnic groups decreased. Thus, this design better adjusts for healthcare-seeking behavior31,32, but it may also introduce other biases including selection bias33. Over the entire study period, the crude rate of hospitalization with a SARS-CoV-2 positive test was lower during the first 6 months of life among infants whose mothers received at least two doses of mRNA COVID-19 vaccines during pregnancy compared with infants whose mothers were unvaccinated during pregnancy (21/100,000 PY vs. 100/100,000 PY). As infants aged, protection provided by maternal vaccination decreased during both periods. Thompson, M. G. et al. COVID-NET conducts population-based surveillance for laboratory-confirmed COVID-19associated hospitalizations in 99 counties across 14 states. COVID-19associated hospitalizations are those occurring among residents of a predefined surveillance catchment area who have a positive real-time reverse transcriptionpolymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) or rapid antigen detection test result for SARS-CoV-2 during hospitalization or the 14 days preceding admission. This is consistent with data showing the incidence of positive SARS-CoV-2 test results or death from COVID-19 is higher among unvaccinated adults and adults who have not received a booster than among those who have received a booster or additional dose (5). It showed that boosters further reduced the risk of hospitalization. *** LTCF residents include hospitalized adults who were identified as residents of a nursing home/skilled nursing facility, rehabilitation facility, assisted living/residential care, long-term acute care hospital, group/retirement home, or other LTCF upon hospital admission. Google Scholar. Cookies used to track the effectiveness of CDC public health campaigns through clickthrough data. Article SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern and variants under investigation in England: technical briefing 35. Officials have received a growing number of reports of XDR Shigella, which is highly transmissible and resistant to commonly recommended antibiotics, in adults.